Ethics in business ثالثة ثانوي تحضير البكالوريا لجميع الشعب /مراجعة وتلخيص لدروس الوحدة

 

مراجعة وتلخيص لدروس الوحدة Ethics in business

(Ill Gotten Gains Never Prosper )

المصطلحات Vocabulary     

Ethics in business : الاخلاقيات في العمل                                 Corruption:           الفساد

Citizen  مواطن         :                                                           Bribary   الرشوة              :

Responsible : مسؤول                                                           Nepotism   المحسوبية       :

Dealing : معاملة                                                                   Industry الصناعة          :

Economic :اقتصاد                                                                Cheating الغش          :

Law : قانون                                                                          Embezzlement الاحتيال/الاختلاس   :

Bank : بنك                                                                           Imitation تقليد               :

Government :     حكومة                                                       Conterfeiting تزوير       :

Taxes: الضرائب                                                                    Money laundering غسل الاموال  :

Products =goods  منتوج = سلع                                             Tax evasion التهرب من الضرائب :

Business =work    عمل                                                         Fraud :               احتيال                                      

Trade  =  commerce تجارة                                                  Snuggling التهريب               :

Company =     association شركة                                         Child labour عمالة الاطفال       :

Moral =   ethic اخلاقي                                                          Fake :مقلد غير اصلي               

#Legalقانوني               illegal غير قانوني

Ethical اخلاقي         # unethical غير اخلاقي  =unlawful

#Honest:      شريف          dishonest غير شريف

Lesson 1: condition (providing that, provided that, as long as, so long as, but only if, only if)

     تعريف :وهي تفيد الشرط بمعنى ifومعناها الا اذا   او اذا

Examples :

1-    I will go with you only if you take me for a dinner in best restaurant.

2-    Providing that the government puts strict laws, we will stop the corruption.       

3-    I will take you to Zoo so long as you get good marks.

Lesson 2: wishes/الامنيات في الانجليزية

1-عند تحويل جملة ايجابية الى امنية علينا ان ننفي الجملة اي ادخالnot  في التمني والعكس صحيح اي اذا كانت لدينا جملة منفية فإنها تصبح ايجابية في التمني حسب قواعد التحويل في الجدول 2-اذا كان في الجملة التي في المضارع البسيط الفعل to be فهو يحول في التمنيwere  مع جميع الضمائر .wish = if only فقط لو  1-
Tense of the sentences زمن الجمل	Tense of wishes زمن التمني	Types of wishes نوع التمني
Present  simple المضارع البسيط I am smoker person	Simple pastالماضي البسيط I wish I were not a smoker person	Simple wish تمني عادي
Simple pastالماضي البسيط I didn’t do my homework	Past perfectالماضي التام I wish I had doing my homework	Regret ندم
Simple futureالمستقبل البسيط The government will not stop child labour phenomenon	The past of future ماضي المستقبل I wish the government would stop the child labour phenomenon.	Complaining شكوى dissatisfaction عدم الرضا

Lesson 3: Modals (Should /ought to /had better=يجب  (

تعريف :معناها يجب وتستعمل لاعطاء نصيحة advice او اعطاء راي opinion

اشكالها :

Interrogative	Negative	Affirmative	Modals
Should +subject +vstem +the rest Should you participate in this party ?	S+ should not+v stem +the rest Eg :You should not  eat too mutch	S+ should +v stem +the rest Eg :You should go to the doctor	should
	S+had better not +v stem +the rest . He had better not cheet in exam	S+had better +v stem +the rest Eg :Sarra had better stop sheeting  in exam	Had better
	S+ought +not +to +verb stem Eg :she ought not to take this book .	S+ought to +v stem +the rest Eg :you ought to go to the dentist .	Ought to

 

 

 

 

Lesson 4: it’s time /it’s high time /it’s about time انه الوقت

تعريف :وتعني هذه العبارات بالترجمة الى العربية  حان الوقت ولكن في غالب الاحيان تأخذ معنى يجب او ضروري اي هي مقاربة لمعنى   

.simple past ولكن دائما يكون الفعل بعدها في الماضي البسيط Should /ought to /had better

Examples:

A- The gouvernement should stop corruption .يجب على الحكومة ايقاف الفساد                    

B-It’s high time the gouvernement stopped the corruption.حان الوقت للحكومة ايقاف الفساد. 

A-SARRA had better stop sheeting in exam.يجب ان تتوقف سارة عن الغش في الامتحان.            

B-It’s time SARRA stopped sheeting in exam.هو الوقت لتوقف سارة عن الغش.                       

Lesson 5: (Cause and Effect) Connectors الروابط

 Lesson 6 :so ….that/ such……that

 So….that

تعريف :ومعناها باللغة العربية (من شدة ) وعملها ربط جملتين لتقوية معنى الصفة الموجودة في الجملة حيث ان الصفة تقع بين   so و that   

    Examples :

A    A- Aya is smart , all teachers loves her .

B-   Aya is so smart that all teachers loves her.

 

A     A- Amin is fat ,he follows a diet .

B         B-Amin is so fat that he follows a diet.

such……that

تعريف :ومعناها (من شدة )باللغة العربية وعملها ربط جملتين لتقوية معنى الجملة الاسمية  الموجودة في الجملة حيث ان هذه الجملة الاسمية  تقع بين   such  و that   

Examples :

A-   A-  Haithem has a beatiful car ,he sold  it at so high price .

B-    B-Haithem has such  a beatiful car that he sold  it at so high price .

A-   A-The government must impose strict laws,it fight the corruption .

B-    B-The government must impose such strict laws that it fight the corruption .

 

Lesson 7 : Active and passive voice المبني للمعلوم والمبني للمجهول

1-          المبني للمعلوم يتكون من sub +verb (in tense)  +object

مثال :  Ahmed ate the apple/  اكل احمد التفاحة

-2المبني للجهول يتكون من 

Object +to be(in tense of active V)  +past participle of the verb++by +subject

The apple was eaten by Ahmedمثال :

ملاحظة1:pastparticipleهو التصريف الثالث للفعل في الماضي اذا كان الفعل منتظم فهو لا يتغير في pp,واذا كان غير منتظم فيتغير في  PP  تحفظ مثال :visitedتبقى visited/   goتصبح gone

Passive V	Active V
Me	I
Him	He
Her	She
It	It
You	You
Us	They
Them	We

ملاحظة 2: الضمائر الشخصية في المبني للمعلوم active voice  تتغير في المبني للمجهول .passive voice

                    

 

 

Passive Voice	Active Voice	The tenses
The math is revised by AHMED	AHMED revises the math	Present simple
Pizza is being cooked by AHMED	AMINE is cooking Pizza	Present continous
This book was written by her	She wrote this book	Simple past
The play were being started when I arrived	The students were starting the play when I arrived	Past continous
Since 2 years ,my dad has been accepted  in the company	My dad has accepted  in the company since 2 years	Present perfect
In 2024,a new rules are going to be organized by our government	Our government are going to organize a new rules in 2024	Future with be going to
My project will be finished tomorrow	I will finsh my project tomorrow	Simple future

 

Passive voice with modals (can-may –must-might-ought to-have to-could-would-should)

الاستعمال :modals +be +past participle

Passive voice	Active voice
This book have to be used by Amin	Amin have to use this book
The lessons may be copied by me	I may copie   the lessons

 

Lesson 8: final "s "

/Z/	/S/	/IZ/
b-g-v-ذth -d -l-m-n-r -n+ all vowels, diphthongs and triphthongs Eg   goals -citizins	P – k - f-t  Th ث - s -   Eg  Months -Talks	ss-s-x-ce -ge sh-ch     Eg      languages-dishes

 

 لتنزيل الملخص من هنا 👇👇👇👇

👆👆👆لمراجعة الازمنة من هنا 

Paragraph about :How to fight corruption?

 

                    Corruption generally refers to dishonest or unethical behaviour, often involving the abuse of power for personal gain  and common examples of corruption include bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, fraud, Counterfeiting …etc

             Bribery is someone offers, gives, receives, or solicits something of value, such as money, gifts, favours, or advantages, with the intention of influencing the actions or decisions of an individual in a position of power.

          Embezzlement is a form of financial fraud and theft in which someone entrusted with managing or handling funds misappropriates those funds for personal gain.

        Nepotism refers to the practice of favouring relatives or close friends, especially in matters of employment, promotion, or other benefits.

        Fraud is a deliberate and deceptive act committed to gain an unfair or dishonest advantage, often for financial gain.

       Counterfeiting refers to the act of producing or distributing fake or unauthorized replicas of goods, currency, documents, or products, with the intent to deceive or defraud

And to fight the corruption firstly, we must implement clear and severe penalties for corrupt practices. Secondly, we need to ensure independence and effectiveness of the judiciary in prosecuting corruption cases and promote transparency in government processes .Thirdly, we should establish a strong system to protect whistle-blowers who report corruption.

Finally, we must fight  corruption and support  the laws of fighting corruption  to live in peace .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paragraph about :child labour

فقرة حول ظاهرة عمالة الاطفال

 

Child labour refers to the exploitation of children through any form of work that deprives them of their childhood.

There are many causes to child labour .First of all because of poverty, families may rely on children's labour as a means of supplementing income. Second, due to lack of Access to education, inadequate educational opportunities may force children to work .third, owing to cultural factors, some cultures may have traditions that tolerate or encourage child labour.

But this phenomenon leads to a lot of consequences as physical and mental health problems since exposure to hazardous conditions also working children often miss out on formal education, limiting their future opportunities and child labour leads to poverty .to avoid the danger of this phenomenon all countries   must Improve the living conditions of citizens and providing jobs for adults  ,enact strict laws against instigators of child labour , facilitating school enrollment transactions and reducing its costs.

Finally, we must support all organization that calling for that like international Labour Organization (ILO) and UNICEF (The United Nations Children's).

 

☝☝☝☝لتنزيل الوضعيات الادماجية حول كيفية محاربة الفساد /وعمالة الاطفال من هنا