ملخص
وحدة Safety
first
Advertising
consumers and safety
الإعلان عن المستهلكين والسلامة
Vocabulary
Safety : امن
Advertising:اعلانات
Consumers : مستهلك
Promotion :اعلان
Products : منتجات
Ads : اعلانات
Food: اكل
avertissement =advertising اعلانات
Fast food = junk food اكل سريع
Publicity اشهار :
Nourishing = nutrious مغذي
Prapaganda : اعلان
Unhealthy food اكل غير صحي # healthy food اكل صحي
Media : مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي
Processed food اكل مصنع # Organic food اكل عضوي
Introducts يقدم :
Harmful مؤذي /مضر # harmless =beneficial غير مؤذ/امن
Vans شاحنات اعلانية :
Devastating = damaging مدمر #beneficial مفيد
Trademarks العلامات التجارية:
Dirty متسخ # clean نضيف
Packaging التعبئة والتغليف :
High fat عالي
الدسم # low
fat قليل الدسم
Billboards اللوحات الاعلانية :
False مزيف # natural طبيعي
Convince =
persuasion اقناع
Vegetables and fruits الخضر والفواكه:
Television (TV) :التلفاز
Meat and poultry اللحم والدواجن :
Radio : راديو
Obesity =overweight =fatness السمنة
/البدانة # wasting الهزال
Malnutrition: سوء التغذية
Issues =problems مشاكل
GMF= genetically modified food
GMO =genetically modified organism
GEF = genetically engineered food
Lesson 1 :
express hypotheses التعبير عن فرضيات
|
Modals |
Use/Examples |
Type |
Rate |
|
It’s impossible that… Will not … |
It’s impossible/unlikely/improbably + that+S+will +Vstem +….. Eg :It’s impossible/unlikely+ that Algeria will get AFRICA cup now. S+will not (won’t) +V stem +………. Algeria will not (won’t) get
AFRICA cup now. |
Imposibility استحالة |
0% |
|
Could Might |
S+could/might+Vstem+.. Eg: Costumers could /might reduce the consumption of junk food. |
Remote
Possibility احتمال بعيد |
15% |
|
May Can will possibly … It is possible that… |
S+may/can / will possibly +Vstem +…. Eg: She may/can/will possibly go with me
to the market. It’s possible that +S +will+Vstem +…. Eg: It’s possible that she will go with to the market. |
Possibility امكانية |
50% |
|
It’s probably that… Will probably... |
It’s probably
that+s+will +Vstem + …….. Eg : It’s
probably that the show will start
now because we are on time . S+will probably +Vstem
+……. Eg : The show
will
probably
start now ………….. |
Probability احتمال كبير |
80% |
|
Will certainly .. Will |
S+ will certainly/will +Vstem +…. I will certainly/will succeed in exam |
Certainty تاكيد |
100% |
Lesson
2 :The « ing » gerund
form
تعريف :وهو اضافة اللواحق suffix (ing)الى الفعل الغير مصرف حيث اضافة ing قد يحول هذا الاخير اما الى فعل او اسم او صفة .
|
امثلة Examples |
Function of gerund |
|
I like revising my lessons
breaking dawn |
As a verb
كفعل |
|
Conterfeiting is dangerous
phenomenon |
As a Noun كاسم |
|
I read an iteresting
book last night |
As an adjective كصفة |
Lesson
3: dependent preposition
|
Examples |
dependent preposition |
|
Switch of –
check in +apply for–suffer from –agree with –look forward to-depend on |
Verb +preposition |
|
keen on-interested in –addicted to –sorry for – bad at |
Adjective +preposition |
Lesson
4 : forming adjective by
adding « y »/ forming nouns with suffixes
|
Adjectives |
Nouns |
|
Rainyممطر |
Rainمطر |
|
مشمس Sunny |
Sunشمس |
|
Wavyمموج |
Wave موجة
|
|
Shinyملمع |
لمعان
Shine |
|
Saltyمملح |
Salt ملح
|
|
Nouns |
Suffixes |
Verbs |
|
Buyer بائغ Consumerمستهلك Managerمسير |
er/or |
To
buy To
consume To
manage |
|
Corruptionفساد Introductionمقدمة Productionمنتوج |
-tion |
To
corrupt To
introduce To
product |
|
Advertising اعلان Nourishingمغذي مدمر devastating |
-ing |
To
advertise To nourishe To
devastate |
|
Statementتصريح Advertisement اعلان Movement حركة |
-ment |
To
state To
advertise To
move |
Lesson 5 : Direct /Indirect speech الكلام المباشر/الغير مباشر
Direct speech :الكلام المباشر
وهو الكلام الذي ينقله صاحبه وتشكيله يكون كالتالي :
He/she said “I visit ANNABA “
Indirect speech :الكلام الغير المباشر
وهو الكلام الذي ينقله شخص اخر وتشكيله يكون كالتالي :
He/she says that he/she visits ANNABA
He/she said that he/she visited ANNABA
القواعد : The rules
1-Reporting
verbs are :said - asked – ordered - suggested – answered,reported
…..
-2اذا كان الكلام المباشرDirect speech في المضارعPresent او احد اصناف المضارع present simple,perfect,continous فان الكلام الغير المباشر indirect speech يصبح في الماضي Past او احد اصنافه اي على الترتيب Past simple ,perfect
,continous .
-3 اذا كان الكلام المباشرDirect speech في past simple, perfect فان الكلام الغير المباشر indirect speech يصبح في الماضي التام perfect Past.
اساسيات
|
Indirect speech |
Direct speech |
|
that |
This |
|
Then |
Now |
|
Yesturday
|
Today |
|
Those |
These |
|
Before
|
Ago |
|
The
previous week |
Last week |
|
There |
Here |
|
The
following(day) |
Next (day ) |
|
The
next /following (day) |
Tomorrow |
|
Modals |
|
|
Indirect speech |
Direct speech |
|
Would |
Will |
|
Could |
Can |
|
Should |
Shall |
|
Had to |
Must |
|
Might |
May |
|
امثلة Examples |
|
|
Indirect speech |
Direct speech |
|
Aymen
said that he had visited ANNABA the previous
week Past perfect |
Aymen
said “I visited ANNABA last week ‘’ Simple past |
|
Aymen
said that he had visited ANNABA before 5 days Past perfect |
Aymen said “I had visited
ANNABA 5 days ago ” Past perfect |
|
Aymen
said that he visited ANNABA Simple past |
Aymen
said“I visit ANNABA” Present simple |
|
Aymen
said that he
had visited ANNABA Past perfect |
Aymen
said“I have visited ANNABA” Present perfect |
|
Aymen
said that he
was visiting ANNABA Past continuous |
Aymen
said“I am visiting ANNABA” Present continuous |
|
He asked that where Yassine was? He asks that Where Yassine is? |
He asked:
Where is Yassine ? Wh question(where,what,who,when,how) |
|
She asked
that if I got
good marks. She asks that if I get good marks. |
She
asked: Do I get good marks? Auxiliary verbs (do,are,is,can ,may ,was,………) |
|
Haithem
said that he would visit his grandpa on
Friday . |
Haithem
said “I
will visit my granpa on Friday “ Use modals( will –can –may –shall…) |
Lesson
7: present simple /types of
texts
Present simple :المضارع البسيط
يعبر المضارع البسيط
عن احداث في الحاضر وحقائق علمية وصحيحة على مر الزمن .
Types of texts انواع النصوص
|
Type of text |
Definition |
|
Expository text نص تفسيري |
It exposes facts about a
particular phenomenon ,scientific or general truth and
we use the present simple in .we use (because , asresult ,due to……) هو يعرض حقائق عن ظاهرة معينة علمية او حقائق عامة ونستعمل المضارع
البسيط فيه ونستعمل (because ,
asresult ,due to……) |
|
Descriptive text نص وصفي |
It describe someone or
something وهو وصف شخص اوشيء |
|
Narrative text نص قصصي |
It talks about the events of
sory in the past with organizing of the events . وهو يتحدث عن احداث قصة في
الماضي مع تنظيم للاحداث |
|
Argumentative text نص حجاجي |
It convinces the
reader in idea or opinion by using arguments. We use (I think , in my
opinion ……) وهو اقناع القارئ بفكرة او راي
عن طريق استعمال حجج ونستعمل(I
think , in my opinion ……) |
Lesson8:The condional type oneالشرط النوع الاول
الجملة
الشرطية :وتستعمل لتوقع المستقبل نتيجة شرط في الحاضر.
مثال 1: If Aya works hard ,she will succeed
Conditional clause result clause
جواب
الشرط جملة
الشرط
مثال 2 : Aya will
succeed if she works hard
result
clause /main clause Conditional clause /If clause
ملاحظة :
1- استعمال الامر في جواب الشرط
مثال :If you see Rami ,give him his book
Result clause Conditional clause
2- will not = won't
Lesson 9 :Quantifiers
تعريف :هي كلمات تستعمل للتعبير عن كمية الشيء وهي
تنقسم في الانجليزية حسب استعمالها فمنها من تستعمل للتعبير عن الاشياء المحسوبة
واخرى للغير المحسوبة ومنها من تستعمل في كليهما كما هو موضح في الجدول :
|
Use |
Examples |
Quantifiers |
|
Countable
nouns للاشياء المحسوبة |
-I read many books this years. -Sarra will arrive after a few minutes |
Manyالعديد Fewالقليل |
|
Uncountable
nouns للاشياء الغير المحسوبة |
-I spend much
time in revision. -I need little caffe. |
Muchالكثير Littleالقليل |
|
Countable
nouns Uncountable
nouns للأشياء
المحسوبة والغير المحسوبة |
-There are a lot of
reasons to stop eating fast food. -I need some time /days to think about you offer. - I don’t have enogh
money to buy this car. |
A lot of الكثير Some بعض Enogh الكافي |
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