الفصل الثانيWaste not ,want notثانية ثانوي :ملخص الوحدة

 

تلخيص الوحدة Waste not, Want not

 

Vocabulary المفردات

Environnent  بيئة                                               ressources         مصادر  او موارد

Protection  حماية                                       disaster                                      كارثة

Pollution تلوث                                            global warming          الاحتباس الحراري

Pollutants        ملوثات                                floods                          الفيضانات

Water pollution تلوث الماء                           earthquake                 الزلازل        

Air pollutionتلوث الهواء                                                               

Soil pollution تلوث التراب                                                    

Climate     مناخ                         

Atmosphere /weather    الجو

 

Lesson 1 : Active and passive voice المبني للمعلوم والمبني للمجهول

1-          المبني للمعلوم يتكون من  +verb (in tense)  +objectsub

مثال :  Ahmed ate the apple/  اكل احمد التفاحة

-2المبني للجهول يتكون من 

Object +to be(in tense of active V)  +past participle of the verb++by +subject

The apple was eaten by Ahmedمثال :

ملاحظة1:pastparticipleهو التصريف الثالث للفعل في الماضي اذا كان الفعل منتظم فهو لا يتغير في pp,واذا كان غير منتظم فيتغير في  PP  تحفظ مثال :visitedتبقى visited/   goتصبح gone

Passive V	Active V
Me	I
Him	He
Her	She
It	It
You	You
Them	They
Us	We

ملاحظة 2: الضمائر الشخصية في المبني للمعلوم active voice  تتغير في المبني للمجهول .passive voice

                    

Passive Voice	Active Voice	The tenses
The math is revised by AHMED	AHMED revises the math	Present simple
This book was written by her	She wrote this book	Simple past
Since 2 years ,my dad has been accepted  in the company	My dad has accepted  in the company since 2 years	Present perfect
My project will be finished tomorrow	I will finsh my project tomorrow	Simple future

 

Passive voice with modals (can-may –must-might-ought to-have to-could-would-should)

الاستعمال :modals +be +past participle

امثلة :

Passive voice	Active voice
This book have to be used by Amin	Amin have to use this book
The lessons may be copied by me	I may copie   the lessons

 

final "s "

/Z/	/S/	/IZ/
b-g-v- -d -l-m-thذ-n-r -n all vowels, diphthongs and triphthongs citizens -goals	P – k - f-t  Th ث - s -   Months -Talks	ss-s-x-ce -ge sh-ch      languages -dishes

 

 

 

 

☝☝☝☝لمشاهدة فيديو الملخص من هنا 

☝☝☝☝من هنا Waste not ,want not لتنزيل ملخص الوحدة 

لتنزيل نموذج امتحان الانجليزية الفصل الثاني من هنا 

☝☝☝☝لمشاهدة فيديوهات الازمنة 

  Paragraph about pollution وضعية ادماجية حول التلوث

        

            Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants, there are many types of pollution and here definitions of  some of them :

     Air pollution Caused by the release of pollutants into the air, primarily from industrial activities, vehicle emissions, and burning of fossil fuels.

Water Pollution: Occurs when harmful substances are introduced into water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. Sources of water pollution include industrial discharges, oil spills, and improper disposal of waste.

Soil Pollution: Because the presence of contaminants in the soil, often due to industrial activities, improper waste disposal, and the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture.

        Pollution has various causes, and it often results from human activities. Such as industrial activities, vehicle emissions, agricultural practices, plastic Use…etc and all these causes can be effected on the earth and causes many disasters like exposure to air pollutants can lead to respiratory problems because toxic gases and smoke , cardiovascular diseases, and other health issues, water pollution can cause waterborne diseases, affecting human health and ecosystem and pollutants in air, water, and soil can contaminate the food chain and Loss of clean water also change climate and will be bad smells and ugly sights on the earth.

        To avoid dangerous of pollution and protect environment the governments should encourage the use and development of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, Implement and enforce stringent environmental regulations for industries, transportation, and waste disposal to limit the release of pollutants. Encourage waste reduction practices and promote recycling programs ,and the major solution is raise public awareness about the impact of pollution and promote environmental education to instil a sense of responsibility and sustainable behaviour.

☝☝☝لتنزيل الوضعية الادماجية من هنا